In 2019, Luxembourg released its Strategic Vision for Artificial Intelligence, outlining three key objectives: to become one of the most advanced digital societies in the world, especially within the EU; to develop a data-driven and sustainable economy; and to support human-centric AI development.
The strategy commits to a human-centered approach, pledging that AI should be "in charge" of humans and aimed at improving citizens' daily lives. It endorses the EU's Ethics Guidelines for Trustworthy AI and emphasises the need for transparent, understandable, and trustworthy AI systems.
Key actions in the strategy include collaborating with the data protection authority on AI-related issues, creating a consultative committee on technology ethics (established in 2020), developing proper corporate governance for AI with the private sector, working on AI standardisation through the national standards body (ILNAS), and implementing technologies to reinforce data protection in machine learning.
An AI4Gov inter-ministerial committee was created to oversee implementation of the strategy and encourage AI adoption across government agencies.
As an EU member state, Luxembourg is subject to key EU AI initiatives like the Digital Services Act and the forthcoming AI Act.
Luxembourg has taken a strong stance on autonomous weapons systems, endorsing international statements calling for human control and accountability in military AI applications.
Luxembourg enforces the EU's General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and has national laws implementing EU data protection directives. The National Data Protection Commission (CNPD) oversees compliance.
Citizens have rights to information about automated decision-making under the GDPR. A 2020 Council of Europe recommendation emphasises algorithmic transparency, especially for high-risk systems.
Notably, Luxembourg's Minister of Defense pledged in 2019 that no facial recognition systems would be implemented by law enforcement during his term.
The government conducted a public consultation on AI policy in 2020, with over 20,000 participants. Key findings included strong public support for a state data ethics committee, high trust in the public sector's handling of AI and data, belief in AI's potential to help with daily tasks, and support for full-scale AI trials like Luxembourg's digital twin project.
However, there is currently no centralised platform for ongoing public engagement on AI policies and practices.
Luxembourg has made significant progress in developing an ethical AI framework aligned with European initiatives. The country's commitment to human-centric AI and strong data protection measures provide a solid foundation.
This country report is our interpretation and summary of the "CAIDP Artificial Intelligence & Democratic Values Index 2023". The full report can be found here - https://www.caidp.org/reports/aidv-2023/